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U TW VHomes and Orphanageshome |h%u014dm| noun.An institution for people needing professional care or supervision.ORIGIN: Old English h%u0101m, of Germanic origin; relatedto Dutch heem and German Heim.orphanage |%u02c8%u00f4rf(%u0259)n%u0133| noun.A residential institution for the care and education of childrenwhose parents are dead. ORIGIN: late Middle English: via lateLatin from Greek orphanos %u2018bereaved.%u2019Specialized homes existed, and still do, for a variety of reasons. County homes and poor farms were founded to house and care for indigents who could not afford to, or were physically or mentally unable to, look after themselves. Other homes, some privately run, were established as convalescent facilities for those recovering from severe or chronic conditions, or in need of nursing assistance. Many, especially in more modern times, have been built as retirement communities. These homes have been operated by local, county, state, and federal authorities, or private entrepreneurs%u2014as well as fraternal organizations and religious institutions for their members. Some have been segregated by sex, or race, or age, with orphanages existing for children without parents, or who had parents unable to care for them. Even after the building of orphanages, children were often indentured into private homes, in the custody of an adult. This sometimes lead to emotional, physical, or sexual abuse. Indiana%u2019s first poorhouse was built in Knox County in 1821, and many counties followed its lead. All were created for local individuals needing a place to live during times of unemployment or illness. At first fairly small buildings, they evolved over the decades into larger structures housing men and women in separate wings. Often, the County Superintendent of the Poor had his residential quarters directly above a central common area. Larger homes sometimes had infirmaries. Even with good intentions, abuses occurred due to a lack of regulations. Nursing homes, convalescent centers, and retirement communities all evolved from poorhouses and county homes. They were usually board-and-care homes, and provided basic levels of support and meals in a private setting. The cost was borne by the resident, their extended family, a religious or fraternal group, a government entity, or a combination.